Lub teeb emitting diode (LED) yog ib hom khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv cov phenomenon ntawm "electroluminescence". Raws li cov khoom siv tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo, nws kuj tau ntsib txoj kev loj hlob ntev.
Xyoo 1907, tus kws tshawb fawb Askiv Askiv Henry Joseph Round tau pom qhov "electroluminescence" tshwm sim hauv cov ntaub ntawv silicon carbide thawj zaug. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias lub teeb daj nws emits tsaus dhau los siv rau hauv kev xyaum, kev tshawb fawb zaum kawg tsis tau txuas ntxiv.
Xyoo 1936, Fab Kis tus kws kho mob Georges Destriau tau pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub teeb emission nyob rau hauv zinc sulfide thiab luam tawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb sib thooj. George Destriau tseem hu ua tus nrhiav pom ntawm electroluminescence phenomenon.
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm transistors, semiconductor physics tau ua ib kauj ruam loj rau pem hauv ntej. Thaum kawg, tib neeg tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub teeb emission thiab tsim lo lus "electroluminescence".
Xyoo 1962, Nick Holonyak ntawm General Electric Company tau tsim thawj LED uas tuaj yeem tawm teeb pom kev liab. Raws li lub hauv paus ntawm gallium arsenide, lub teeb-emitting diodes nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd siv phosphorus tebchaw rau doping, uas txhim kho lub luminous efficiency ntawm LED thiab ua rau lub teeb liab emitted brighter.
Nyob rau xyoo 1970, nrog rau kev tsim cov khoom siv semiconductor tshiab, gallium phosphide tau siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm LED, thiab indium thiab nitrogen tau qhia los ua kom LED tsim lub teeb ntsuab, lub teeb daj thiab txiv kab ntxwv, thiab cov luminous efficiency yog. kuj tau txhim kho mus rau 1 lumen / watt. LEDs nyob rau lub sijhawm no tau pib siv los qhia cov cim, qauv, thiab lwm yam, tab sis lawv tau siv los ua cov cim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Nyob rau xyoo 1980s, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm LED tau txhim kho ntxiv, ncav cuag 10 lumens / watt. Lub sijhawm no, LED tau pib siv rau hauv kev tshaj tawm sab nraum zoov, kev xa xov hluav taws xob photoelectric, barcode system, khoom siv kho mob thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau xyoo 1990, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlau organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) epitaxy technology, LEDs ua los ntawm AlInGaP (aluminium indium gallium phosphorus) cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem tawm cov txiv kab ntxwv, daj, ntsuab thiab liab pib tshwm. Lub sijhawm no, cov khoom siv LED tau siv rau sab nraum zoov.
Txog xyoo 1994, tus kws tshawb fawb Nyij Pooj Xiuer Nakamura tau tsim xiav LED siv GaN substrate. Txog tam sim no, cov xim liab, ntsuab thiab xiav puv xim tshuab tau tsim sai heev, thiab tso lub hauv paus rau dawb LED. Xyoo 1997, Nyiv Niya Company tau tsim thawj lub teeb dawb LED. Nyob rau hauv 2006, lub luminous efficiency ntawm dawb LED tuaj yeem ncav cuag 150 lumens / watt, tshaj li ntawm cov teeb txuag hluav taws xob, ua rau nws siv dav hauv teeb pom kev zoo.
